1. A structure composed of two or more tissues is termed:
a. organ
b. serous membrane
c. complex tissue
d. organ system
ANS;a
2. The visceral pleura:
a. is the membrane lining surface of the lungs
b. is the membrane lining the wall of the thoracic cavity
c. is the fluid around the lungs
d. is the thinnest portion of the peritoneum
ANS;a
3. The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except:
a. palms facing posterior
b. thumbs pointing laterally
c. face pointing anteriorly
d. body standing upright
ANS;a
4. Which of the following lies fully ipsilateral to the left iliac region:
a. epigastric region
b. left hypochondiac region
c. right inguinal region
d. hypogastric region
ANS;b
5. The "basic unit of life" is:
a. the atom
b. water
c. the cell
d. the chemical level of organization
ANS;c
6. A homeostatic imbalance:
a. must be restored by negative feedback mechanisms
b. is considered the cause of most diseases
c. is when the internal conditions of the body become more stable
d. only occur when positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed
ANS;b
7. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life:
a. growth
b. responsiveness
c. reproduction
d. organ systems
ANS;d
8. The sum of all chemical reactions in the body is termed:
a. homeostasis
b. physiology
c. dynamic feedback
d. metabolism
ANS;d
9. A vertical plane through the body dividing it into right and left is termed:
a. sagittal
b. lateral
c. transverse
d. frontal
ANS;a
10. Which of the following is an example of applied physiology:
a. measuring the length of the femur on a fetus using ultrasound
b. locating an injury to a tendon in the shoulder using CT imaging
c. describing the process of how a toxin interferes with nerve impulse conduction
d. identifying the types of cells found in a biopsy sample of lung tissue
ANS;c
11. The elbow is _____ to the wrist:
a. distal
b. lateral
c. ventral
d. proximal
ANS;d
12. The heart is ____ to the lungs:
a. superior
b. dorsal
c. medial
d. lateral
ANS;c
13. What is the function of serous membranes:
a. to prevent fluid loss from an organ
b. to reduce friction between internal organs
c. to circulate blood around the organ
d. to conserve heat within the organ
ANS;b
14. Histology is the study of:
a. cells and membranes
b. skin
c. organs and organ systems
d. tissues
ANS;d
15. Which of the following involves the injection of radioisotopes into the body:
a. radiography
b. PET
c. CT imaging
d. MRI
ANS;b
16. A _____ fracture occurred in the hip area.
a.gluteal
b.lumbar
c.costal
d.coxal
ANS;D
17. A mental tumor could be one in the _____.
a.brain
b.thigh
c.jaw
d.leg
ANS;C
18. A headache is an example of a _____ pain.
a.celiac
b.femoral
c.cephalic
d.gluteal
ANS;C
19 The factors responsible for holding the lungs to the thorax wall are ________.
a.the smooth muscles of the lung
b.the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles alone
c.the visceral pleurae and the changing volume of the lungs
d.surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity
Answer: D
20.The erythrocyte count increases after a while when an individual goes from a low to a high altitude because the _______
a.temperature is lower at higher altitudes
b.basal metabolic rate is higher at high altitudes
c.concentration of oxygen and/or total atmospheric pressure is higher at higher altitudes
d.concentration of oxygen and/or total atmospheric pressure is lower at high altitudes
Answer: D
21. Most inspired particles such as dust fail to reach the lungs because of the ________.
a.ciliated mucous lining in the nose
b.abundant blood supply to nasal mucosa
c.porous structure of turbinate bones
d.action of the epiglottis
Answer: A
22. Which of the following is not possible?
a.Gas flow equals pressure gradient over resistance.
b.Pressure gradient equals gas flow over resistance.
c.Resistance equals pressure gradient over gas flow.
d.The amount of gas flowing in and out of the alveoli is directly proportional to the difference in pressure or pressure gradient between the external atmosphere
and the alveoli.
Answer: B
23.Select the correct statement about the physical factors influencing pulmonary ventilation.
a.A decrease in compliance causes an increase in ventilation.
b.A lung that is less elastic will require less muscle action to perform adequate ventilation.
c.As alveolar surface tension increases, additional muscle action will be required.
d.Surfactant helps increase alveolar surface tension.
Answer: C
24. Select the correct statement about oxygen transport in blood:
a.During normal activity, a molecule of hemoglobin returning to the lungs carries one molecule of O2.
b.During conditions of acidosis, hemoglobin is able to carry oxygen more efficiently.
c.Increased BPG levels in the red blood cells enhance oxygen-carrying capacity.
d.A 50% oxygen saturation level of blood returning to the lungs might indicate an activity level higher than normal.
Answer: D
25. Which of the disorders below is characterized by destruction of the walls of the alveoli producing abnormally large air spaces that remain filled with air during
exhalation?
a.pneumonia
b.tuberculosis
c.emphysema
d.coryza
Answer: C
26. Which of the layers of an artery contains smooth muscles?
a.tunica interna
b.tunica externa
c.tunica media
d.all of the above
Answer;c
27.The circulatory route that runs from the digestive tract to the liver is called:
a.hepatic portal circulation
b.systemic circulation
c.pulmonary circulation
d.cornnary circulation
answer;a
28.Arteries that directly lead into capillaries are called:
a.Arterioles
b.Veins
c.muscular arteries
d.venules
answer;a
29. The hepatic portal vein transports:
blood to the brain
a.nutrient-rich blood to the liver
b.blood to the skin
c.transports blood to the heart
answer;b
30.The lymph leaves the lymph node via the:
a.afferent lymphatic vessel
b.efferent lymphatic vessel
c.superior vena cava
d.aorta
answer; b
31. Which of the following stimulates erythropoiesis?
a.decreased demand of tissue oxygen
b.increased demand of tissue oxygen
c.increased red blood cell count
d.increased white blood cell count
answer;b
32.Haemoglobin is a:
a.Carbohydrate
b.Antibody
c.white blood cell
d.protein
answer;c
33.How many globin molecules does a polypeptide chains have?
a.8
b.4
c.6
d.12
answer;b
34. The least numerous of the white blood cells are:
a.Basophils
b.Neutrophils
c.Lymphocytes
d.monocytes
answer;a
35.Which of the following hormones regulate fluid balance?
a.erythropoietin
b.antidiuretic hormone
c.rennin
d.oestrogen
answer;b
36. Oedema may result from:
a.lymphatic blockage
b .hypertension
c.drinking large amount of beer
d.diabetes insipidus
answer; a
37. The plasma membrane of a human cell is:
a.a membrane that contains pili on its cell surface
b.a double layer of carbohydrate enclosing the cell
c.a single layered cell membrane
d.a double layer of phospholipids
answer;d
38.Plasma membrane proteins on a cell will transport:
a.oxygen into the cell
b.carbon dioxide into the cell
c.molecules through the cell membrane
d.all of the above
answer;c
39. Cells are composed of:
a.carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen
b.hydrogen, carbon, sodium, and potassium
c.sodium, potassium, calcium and hydrogen
d.nitrogen, oxygen, calcium and carbon
answer;a
40. The movement of fluid between compartments is regulated by:
a.osmotic and hydrostatic pressures
b.ATP
c.glomerular filtration rate
d.parathyroid hormone
answer;a
41. Active transport system utilises:
a.ATP
b.hydrogen ions
c.acid-bicarbonate buffer system
d.phosphate buffer
answer;a
42. Hyponatraemia is:
a.low sodium
b.low potassium
c.low chloride
d.red blood cell count
answer;a
43. The fluid portion of the blood is:
a.caffeine
b.cytasol
c.lymph
d.plasma
anwswer;d
44. One purpose of lymph nodes is to:
a.Trap macrophages
b.Trap antigens
c.Trap antibodies
d.Trap hormones
answer;b
45.Cytokines are chemical messengers which:
a.Promote inflammation
b.Kill infecting microorganisms
c.Produce antibodies
d.Cause pain
answer;a
46.Phagocytosis takes place in:
a.Red blood cells
b.Lymphocytes
c.Neutrophils
d.Platelets
answer;c
47.The thymus is where T-cell lymphocytes:
a.Recognise the body's own cells
b.Produce antibodies
c.Phagocytose antigens
d.Become NK cells
answer;a
48. Examples of opsonins are:
a.Complement factors; antigens
b.Eosinophils; phagocytes
c.Antibodies; antigens
d.Complement factors; immunoglobulins
answer;d
49.Histamine causes:
a.The death of infectious microorganisms
b.one of the signs and symptoms of inflammation
c.Some of the functions of T-cell lymphocytes
d.he bonding of T-cell lymphocytes to infectious microorganisms
answer;b
50. B-cell lymphocytes mature in the:
a.Brain
b.Bone marrow
c.Thymus
d.Blood
answer;b
a. organ
b. serous membrane
c. complex tissue
d. organ system
ANS;a
2. The visceral pleura:
a. is the membrane lining surface of the lungs
b. is the membrane lining the wall of the thoracic cavity
c. is the fluid around the lungs
d. is the thinnest portion of the peritoneum
ANS;a
3. The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except:
a. palms facing posterior
b. thumbs pointing laterally
c. face pointing anteriorly
d. body standing upright
ANS;a
4. Which of the following lies fully ipsilateral to the left iliac region:
a. epigastric region
b. left hypochondiac region
c. right inguinal region
d. hypogastric region
ANS;b
5. The "basic unit of life" is:
a. the atom
b. water
c. the cell
d. the chemical level of organization
ANS;c
6. A homeostatic imbalance:
a. must be restored by negative feedback mechanisms
b. is considered the cause of most diseases
c. is when the internal conditions of the body become more stable
d. only occur when positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed
ANS;b
7. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life:
a. growth
b. responsiveness
c. reproduction
d. organ systems
ANS;d
8. The sum of all chemical reactions in the body is termed:
a. homeostasis
b. physiology
c. dynamic feedback
d. metabolism
ANS;d
9. A vertical plane through the body dividing it into right and left is termed:
a. sagittal
b. lateral
c. transverse
d. frontal
ANS;a
10. Which of the following is an example of applied physiology:
a. measuring the length of the femur on a fetus using ultrasound
b. locating an injury to a tendon in the shoulder using CT imaging
c. describing the process of how a toxin interferes with nerve impulse conduction
d. identifying the types of cells found in a biopsy sample of lung tissue
ANS;c
11. The elbow is _____ to the wrist:
a. distal
b. lateral
c. ventral
d. proximal
ANS;d
12. The heart is ____ to the lungs:
a. superior
b. dorsal
c. medial
d. lateral
ANS;c
13. What is the function of serous membranes:
a. to prevent fluid loss from an organ
b. to reduce friction between internal organs
c. to circulate blood around the organ
d. to conserve heat within the organ
ANS;b
14. Histology is the study of:
a. cells and membranes
b. skin
c. organs and organ systems
d. tissues
ANS;d
15. Which of the following involves the injection of radioisotopes into the body:
a. radiography
b. PET
c. CT imaging
d. MRI
ANS;b
16. A _____ fracture occurred in the hip area.
a.gluteal
b.lumbar
c.costal
d.coxal
ANS;D
17. A mental tumor could be one in the _____.
a.brain
b.thigh
c.jaw
d.leg
ANS;C
18. A headache is an example of a _____ pain.
a.celiac
b.femoral
c.cephalic
d.gluteal
ANS;C
19 The factors responsible for holding the lungs to the thorax wall are ________.
a.the smooth muscles of the lung
b.the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles alone
c.the visceral pleurae and the changing volume of the lungs
d.surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity
Answer: D
20.The erythrocyte count increases after a while when an individual goes from a low to a high altitude because the _______
a.temperature is lower at higher altitudes
b.basal metabolic rate is higher at high altitudes
c.concentration of oxygen and/or total atmospheric pressure is higher at higher altitudes
d.concentration of oxygen and/or total atmospheric pressure is lower at high altitudes
Answer: D
21. Most inspired particles such as dust fail to reach the lungs because of the ________.
a.ciliated mucous lining in the nose
b.abundant blood supply to nasal mucosa
c.porous structure of turbinate bones
d.action of the epiglottis
Answer: A
22. Which of the following is not possible?
a.Gas flow equals pressure gradient over resistance.
b.Pressure gradient equals gas flow over resistance.
c.Resistance equals pressure gradient over gas flow.
d.The amount of gas flowing in and out of the alveoli is directly proportional to the difference in pressure or pressure gradient between the external atmosphere
and the alveoli.
Answer: B
23.Select the correct statement about the physical factors influencing pulmonary ventilation.
a.A decrease in compliance causes an increase in ventilation.
b.A lung that is less elastic will require less muscle action to perform adequate ventilation.
c.As alveolar surface tension increases, additional muscle action will be required.
d.Surfactant helps increase alveolar surface tension.
Answer: C
24. Select the correct statement about oxygen transport in blood:
a.During normal activity, a molecule of hemoglobin returning to the lungs carries one molecule of O2.
b.During conditions of acidosis, hemoglobin is able to carry oxygen more efficiently.
c.Increased BPG levels in the red blood cells enhance oxygen-carrying capacity.
d.A 50% oxygen saturation level of blood returning to the lungs might indicate an activity level higher than normal.
Answer: D
25. Which of the disorders below is characterized by destruction of the walls of the alveoli producing abnormally large air spaces that remain filled with air during
exhalation?
a.pneumonia
b.tuberculosis
c.emphysema
d.coryza
Answer: C
26. Which of the layers of an artery contains smooth muscles?
a.tunica interna
b.tunica externa
c.tunica media
d.all of the above
Answer;c
27.The circulatory route that runs from the digestive tract to the liver is called:
a.hepatic portal circulation
b.systemic circulation
c.pulmonary circulation
d.cornnary circulation
answer;a
28.Arteries that directly lead into capillaries are called:
a.Arterioles
b.Veins
c.muscular arteries
d.venules
answer;a
29. The hepatic portal vein transports:
blood to the brain
a.nutrient-rich blood to the liver
b.blood to the skin
c.transports blood to the heart
answer;b
30.The lymph leaves the lymph node via the:
a.afferent lymphatic vessel
b.efferent lymphatic vessel
c.superior vena cava
d.aorta
answer; b
31. Which of the following stimulates erythropoiesis?
a.decreased demand of tissue oxygen
b.increased demand of tissue oxygen
c.increased red blood cell count
d.increased white blood cell count
answer;b
32.Haemoglobin is a:
a.Carbohydrate
b.Antibody
c.white blood cell
d.protein
answer;c
33.How many globin molecules does a polypeptide chains have?
a.8
b.4
c.6
d.12
answer;b
34. The least numerous of the white blood cells are:
a.Basophils
b.Neutrophils
c.Lymphocytes
d.monocytes
answer;a
35.Which of the following hormones regulate fluid balance?
a.erythropoietin
b.antidiuretic hormone
c.rennin
d.oestrogen
answer;b
36. Oedema may result from:
a.lymphatic blockage
b .hypertension
c.drinking large amount of beer
d.diabetes insipidus
answer; a
37. The plasma membrane of a human cell is:
a.a membrane that contains pili on its cell surface
b.a double layer of carbohydrate enclosing the cell
c.a single layered cell membrane
d.a double layer of phospholipids
answer;d
38.Plasma membrane proteins on a cell will transport:
a.oxygen into the cell
b.carbon dioxide into the cell
c.molecules through the cell membrane
d.all of the above
answer;c
39. Cells are composed of:
a.carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen
b.hydrogen, carbon, sodium, and potassium
c.sodium, potassium, calcium and hydrogen
d.nitrogen, oxygen, calcium and carbon
answer;a
40. The movement of fluid between compartments is regulated by:
a.osmotic and hydrostatic pressures
b.ATP
c.glomerular filtration rate
d.parathyroid hormone
answer;a
41. Active transport system utilises:
a.ATP
b.hydrogen ions
c.acid-bicarbonate buffer system
d.phosphate buffer
answer;a
42. Hyponatraemia is:
a.low sodium
b.low potassium
c.low chloride
d.red blood cell count
answer;a
43. The fluid portion of the blood is:
a.caffeine
b.cytasol
c.lymph
d.plasma
anwswer;d
44. One purpose of lymph nodes is to:
a.Trap macrophages
b.Trap antigens
c.Trap antibodies
d.Trap hormones
answer;b
45.Cytokines are chemical messengers which:
a.Promote inflammation
b.Kill infecting microorganisms
c.Produce antibodies
d.Cause pain
answer;a
46.Phagocytosis takes place in:
a.Red blood cells
b.Lymphocytes
c.Neutrophils
d.Platelets
answer;c
47.The thymus is where T-cell lymphocytes:
a.Recognise the body's own cells
b.Produce antibodies
c.Phagocytose antigens
d.Become NK cells
answer;a
48. Examples of opsonins are:
a.Complement factors; antigens
b.Eosinophils; phagocytes
c.Antibodies; antigens
d.Complement factors; immunoglobulins
answer;d
49.Histamine causes:
a.The death of infectious microorganisms
b.one of the signs and symptoms of inflammation
c.Some of the functions of T-cell lymphocytes
d.he bonding of T-cell lymphocytes to infectious microorganisms
answer;b
50. B-cell lymphocytes mature in the:
a.Brain
b.Bone marrow
c.Thymus
d.Blood
answer;b
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